一、进修方针和请求
1．进修和把握以下单词和习气用语
单词
BC; Athens; continent; well-known; athlete; gold; medal; torch; host; Los Angels; Los Angels Lakers; badminton; Miami Heat; Manchester United; Leeds; shooting; AD; Greece; wrestling; competitor; motto; swift; Carl Lewis; rank; gymnastics; weight; weigh; venue; prepare; preparation; flag; profile; height; Houston Rockets; superstar; point; skill; professional; gesture; facial
习气用语
stand for; would rather; take part in; join in; in preparation for
2．功效意念名目
1）学会用英语议论体育勾当。
2）学会用英语议论奥林匹克勾当会。
3）学会用英语议论乐趣和爱好。
3．语法
进修普通未来时的自动语态。温习句子范例（主谓、主谓宾、主系表、There be等句型)。
4．说话应用
应用所学说话，环绕体育勾当这一题材，实现教科书中划定的听、说、读、写的使命；浏览课文“THE OLYMPIC GAMES”，切当懂得并实现有关课文内容和操练，学会用英语写某一体育明星的简历。
二、进修指点
1．单词和习气用语的用法
1) stand for 代表, 意味,; 撑持, 主意, 赞成; 到场...的竞选; 容忍
当主语是缩写字母时，谓语动词用第三人称双数。
例：GNP stands for gross national product. GNP代表公民出产总值。
P.O. stands for postal order. P.O.表现邮政汇票。
The letters PLA stand for the People’s Republic of China.
PLA这几个字母代表中国国民束缚军。
Do you stand for or against this principle?
你是撑持仍是不是决这个准绳？
We’ve always stand for a peaceful settlement of the border dispute.
咱们一向主意战斗处置边境争端。
We’ve consistently stood for negotiations through diplomatic channel to reach a fair solution of Iraqi problem.
咱们一向主意经由过程交际路子，公允公道地处置伊拉克题目。
Mr. Jackson is to stand for governor.杰克逊师长教员将做州长候选人。
I won’t stand for his unreasonable demands any longer.
我不再会容忍他的在理请求了。
2) well-known adj.尽人皆知的；着名的；清晰大白的
例：Zhao Dan was a well-known Chinese performer.
赵丹是中国闻名的表演家。
be/become well-known/known/famous for因...而知名
be/become well-known/known/famous as被称为，作为...而知名
be well-known/known to all 尽人皆知
例：Today he is well-known as a model leader.今天他是着名的榜样带领人。
She was better known as a poet. 作为墨客，他名誉更大。
Guilin is known for its beautiful sceneries. 桂林因风光美好而知名。
It is well-known to all that the Great Wall is a place of interest in China.
尽人皆知，长城是中国的一处胜景。
3) gold n. 黄金；金币；名贵的东西；崇高(纯正) adj. 金的；金制的
例：People from the East rushed to California for gold.
东部的人们都涌向加州去淘金。
He wore a gold watch. 他带着一块金表。
He paid in gold and turned to the door.
他用金币付了钱，而后回身向门口走去。
He has a heart of gold.他又一颗崇高的心。
She has a voice of gold and sings beautifully.
她有一副金嗓子，唱歌很甜美。
gold & golden
gold表现金成品; golden是指 “金色的”；还表现 “名贵的；绝好的”
例：A girl with golden hair was walking at the other side of the street.
一名金发女郎走在大巷的另外一侧。
It is a golden opportunity for him to go to Britain to learn English.
让他去英国学英语真是一次良机。
注：golden是由gold + 后缀 -en组成的描述词，再如：earthen(泥的); oaken(橡木制的); waxen(腊的); wooden(木材的，木材制的); wool(l)en(羊毛的)；以-en组成的描述词经常还能够作比喻用。如：the Golden Age黄金期间；wooden head.白痴。
4) host n. 仆人(对来宾而言.hostess女仆人, 女房主, 女老板, 女办事员);
(播送, 电视的)节目掌管人; 旅店老板；一大群, 极多；
vt. 主理(宴会等); 接待, 作仆人接待；作东，
例：I have a whole host of things to do today.我今天有一大堆任务要做。
Beijing has been chosen as host for the 2008 Olympic games.
北京当选为进行2008奥运会的主理都会。
Mr Brown was our host at the party. 布朗师长教员是咱们晚会的仆人。
The host team and the guest team won each of the games, so they were even with each other. 客队和客队各赢一场,此刻他们两队打平了。
He has a whole host of difficulties in learning English.
他学英语有许良多多坚苦。
The conference was hosted by that committee.
该委员会充任这个集会的东道主。
I still remember the garden party he had hosted last spring.
客岁春季他主理的花圃集会。
5) shoot v. 击中；射击(shoot at之向或人或某物射击并未打中)
例：He shot a deer and killed it dead.他击中了一只鸟并射杀了它。
He shot at the bird, but missed it.他向鸟射击但没打中。
He was shot in the arm.他的胳膊被打中了。
She shot an angry look at me.他肝火冲冲地瞪了我一眼。
6) would rather(US also had rather) 甘愿；宁肯；与其...不如...。
would rather意为would prefer to，表现客观上的欲望或谈到未来。后接动词真相，经常和than连用(than后也接动词真相)，其否认式为would rather not do...。
例：I’d rather stay at home than go out.我宁肯待在家里，不想进来。
I’d rather ride a bicycle rather than take a bus.
我情愿骑自行车而不情愿坐大众汽车。
---Some more wine?
---Thank you, I’d rather not. I have to drive home.
---再来点酒好吗？
--- 不要了，我不能再喝了。我还得开车回家呢。
I’d rather还能够接实现不定式，表现对已产生事变在挑选上的分歧适。
例：I’d rather have gone to the theatre than stayed at home last night.
我今天早晨若是不待在家里而是去看剧就行了。
I’d rather not have stayed at home last night.
我昨晚不待在家里就行了。
would rather前后可用差别的主语来表现或人甘愿让另外一人做某事。在这类环境下，普通用曩昔时来表现此刻或未来要做的任务。谈到曩昔的举措，用曩昔实现时。
例：I’d rather you went home.我情愿此刻就回家。
I’d rather you hadn’t done that.我真但愿你没做过那件事。
7) take part in到场、到场。
例：They all went to take part in the celebration. 他们都去到场庆贺。
We are having a game. Will you take part? 咱们在玩，你到场吗？
play a part (in sth) 表演...脚色，起...感化。
例：Computer plays an important part in our life.
电脑在平常糊口中起重要感化。
do one’s part. 失职责、尽一份气力。
do sb’s part 撑持或人。
take part in & join in到场勾当。用join in和take part in都能够，后者更夸大到场性，出格是较持重的大型的有浩繁人到场的勾当。
例：About one million workers joined in(=took part in) the strike
.约莫一百万工人到场了歇工。
注重：1). 自动到场take an active part in 或join actively in.
2). join sb. in... 意为“和或人一路（做某事）”而take part in则不能如许用。join in后可不跟宾语。而take part in后必须接宾语，如不接宾语in省略。
例：They came out for their morning exercises. I also joined in.
3). join可用来表现插手某个政党、集体、构造等。成为此中一个成员，这时辰join为及物动词，后边不接介词in；而take part in则不能如许用。
8) swift adj. 火速的；快的；火速的；立即的 adv. 火速地；火速地
例：The government is swift to take steps to control the spread of the disease.
当局疾速采用办法节制疾病舒展。
be swift to+名／to do...：很快...的；易于（动不动就）...的
例：Carl Lewis is a swift runner. 卡尔刘易斯是一个跑得很快的人。
My baby is swift to fall; asleep.我的宝宝轻易睡着。
Smith was swift to anger. 史姑娘动不动就朝气。
There are swift-running rivers in the valleys.山间多有湍急的河道。
swiftly adv. 火速的；火速的
例：The pickpocket took the old man’s purse swiftly.
阿谁扒手缓慢地摸走了白叟家的钱包。
9) rank vi. 列为；排队 vt. 摆列；归类于；把...分等／分类
n. 阶级，品级；位置，身份；军阶，军衔；高位置；权贵
例：She ranks high/first in her class.她在班上首屈一指／第一。
This town ranks high among beauty spots. 这都会在风光区中颇负盛名。
When I entered the restaurant, I found the cups ranked neatly on the shelf .我进入那家饭馆时发明杯子整洁地摆列在架子上。
I rank her among ／with the country’s best writers.
我以为她可属天下最优异作家之列。
Critics rank him as a first-class painter.批评家把他评估为一流的画家。
After two years he promoted to the rank of captain.
两年后他提升到上尉军衔。
Take the taxi at the head of the rank.乘坐排在前头的那辆出租车。
Taxis stood in a rank in front of the station.出租车在车站前排成一列。
Last year he joined the ranks of the unemployed.
客岁他插手到赋闲者雄师（沦为赋闲者）。
People of all ranks took part in the strike. 各阶级的人都到场了歇工。
10) weight n. 重力；分量。注重以下例句中介词的利用。by weight的意思是“论分量，以斤两计；in weight则指“在分量上”。若是句中有weight,扣问分量时要用what，而不是how much。
例：It is sixty grams in weight.他的分量是六十克。
Bananas are usually sold by weight.香蕉凡是按分量卖。
He has grown in height and weight.他身高和体重都增添了。
Her weight has increased to 70 kilos.她的体重增添到了70千克。
That man is twice my weight.阿谁男人的体重比我中一倍。
At the back of each dictionary there is a table of weights and measures.
每本字典前面都有一个怀抱衡表。
What is the weight of the gold coin? 这块金币的分量是几多？
You have put on/lost or taken off weight, haven’t you?
你体重增添／削减（变修长）了，是不是是？
weigh vt. 称...分量；称；估计...的轻重；斟酌, 斟酌; 衡量vi. 重(几多)
例：He weighed himself on the scales.他在磅秤上称分量。
He weighed the stone in his hand. 他用手掂了掂这块石头的分量。
The man weighed the fish by hand.阿谁男人用手估计了那条鱼的分量。
She weighs fifty kilos. She weighs less than she used to.
她体重五十千克，比之前轻多了。
How much do you weigh? 你体重几多？
They weighed the matter seriously. 他们当真斟酌这件事。
Weigh your words before speaking. 将费钱要细心斟酌说话。
He weighed the advantages and disadvantages of changing his job.
(He weighed the advantages of changing his job against disadvantages.)
他把换任务的利害加以衡量比拟。
The doctors weighed the advantages of the operation against the risks involved.
大夫们细心斟酌做这类手术的益处和风险。
11) history-making adj. 名看重史的；首创汗青的；载入史乘的；汗青性的
例：The president’s history-making decision brought the war to an end.
总统的具备汗青性的决议使得这场战斗得以竣事。
That was a history-making discovery in medicine.
那是一项载入医学史乘的严重发明。
history-making是分解词，由名词+动词的-ing情势组成。又如：man-eating; grass-eating; shoe-making; rope-walking; air-conditioning; daylight-saving; metal-cutting; peace-making等。
12) prepare vt. .筹办；豫备； vi.豫备；作好筹办
例：The company is preparing a book fair.这家公司正在筹办书展。
All the citizens have been prepared against the disaster.
统统人都筹办好防灾。
They have prepared the ship for another arctic expedition.
他们再次设备好了北极探险的船只。
Mother is preparing the meal, father is preparing his lesson while I am preparing for the exam.
妈妈在做饭菜，爸爸在备课，而我在温习功课筹办测验。
I prepared the ground for the seeds. 我清算好地盘筹办收获。
Working on a part-time basis can prepare them for a future career.
打工为大先生未来的任务作好筹办。
Will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates?
你可否帮我为此次老同窗集会做好筹办任务?
The team prepared themselves for defeat / to accept defeat.
这个队心思上做好了接管失利的筹办。
The dinner is preparing.正在筹办饭。
习气用语：
be prepared for筹办着；作好筹办；
例：They were prepared for anything to happen. 他们已筹办好敷衍统统。
be prepared to do能力并且情愿
例：I am prepared to lend you the money if you promise to pay it back.
我情愿把钱借给你，你得承诺还给我。
be prepared against对(不好的事）已作好筹办
例：We must be prepared against natural disasters.
咱们要做好筹办，以防天然灾难。
prepare for为...作筹办
例：Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.
存最好的但愿，筹办敷衍最坏的环境。
preparation n. (U) 筹办；豫备 (C. 凡是用双数）筹办任务；筹办办法
例：You can’t pass the exam without preparation. 不筹办就考不合格。
Preparation for the top government officers' visit are almost complete.
驱逐当局高等官员来访的筹办任务差未几已全数实现。
Food preparation areas must be kept clean.建造食物的场所应坚持洁净。
He has never done enough preparations for his examinations.
他对测验历来不作好充实筹办的。
Was your education a good preparation for your career?
你所受的教导是不是为你的奇迹打下了杰出的根本？
习气用语：
be in preparation 在筹办中; 在编辑中
例：The advertising is still in preparation.告白宣扬仍在筹办中。
The banquet is in preparation.宴会正在筹办中。
in preparation for作为...的筹办
例：They’ve sold their house and car in preparation for leaving the country.
他们卖掉了房子和汽车筹办出国。
She bought a new coat in preparation for the winter.
她买了一件新大衣以备夏季之用。
make preparations against为对于...作筹办
例：We are making preparations against SARS.
咱们在为防“非典”作筹办。
make preparations for为...作筹办
例：They are busy making preparations for their wedding.
他们忙着筹办婚礼。
The country is making preparations for war/to go to war.
该国正在备战／筹办兵戈。
13) height n. 高；高度；海拔
例：He is two metres in height. 他身高两米。
The plane exploded at a height of a hundred feet above the ground
飞机在离地100英尺高度爆炸。
They measured the height of the bridge. 他们丈量了桥的高度。
His height makes him stand out in the crowd.
他这么高,使他在人群中显得很凸起。
in the height of summer 严冬
Yao Ming is a man of towering height.姚明一个很高的人。
The height of Chomolungma is about 8848 metres above sea level.
珠穆朗玛山海拔8848米高。
习气用语：
at the height of在...的高度, 在...的最盛时; 在...的飞腾中
例：She has been at the height of her career. 她已到了奇迹的最岑岭。
When he wrote this excellent novel, he was at the height of his powers as a writer.他写这部优异小说时,恰是他写作能力的全盛期间。
The tide was at its height.潮流涨到最高点了。
on height在高处; 向高处；高声地, 高声地
to the height到达最高点; 到达顶点；洼地；高岗；高处
例：Prices rise to a great height.价钱大涨。
14) point n. 点；尖端；分数；要点；小数点；时辰
vt. 弄尖；指向；指出；对准；加标点于
vi.指, 指向, 标明
例：The melting point of lead is lower than that of iron.铅的熔点比铁的低。
What do these points stand for on the map?舆图上的这些点代表甚么?
It was a turning point in his career. 这是他奇迹上的转机点。
Prices on the stock exchange advanced two points.
股票市场价钱涨了两点。
He was wounded by a knife point.刀尖弄伤了他。
We won by 5 points. 咱们赢了5分。
Score twenty-one points 取得二十一分
Singing is not my strong point.唱歌非我所长于。例：
What is the point of studying after the exam?考完事后再用功有甚么意思?
You have missed the whole point of the novel.你疏忽这篇小说的要点。
You’ve missed the whole point.你未能捉住要点。
Why can’t you come to the point? 为甚么你不把重点申明？
Read 4.18 as‘four point one eight’. 4.18 读作“四点一八”。
He quietly pointed his gun at the deer.他暗暗地把枪对准鹿。
It’s rude to point your fingers at others.用手指指向别人是不规矩的。
She pointed her pen before drawing.在画画之前他把铅笔削尖。
The teacher pointed out my mistakes to me.教员指出了我的毛病。
All indications point to an early spring.统统的迹象都显现春季的到临
At/on the point(of) 快要／就要…的时辰
例：They were on the point of leaving when I arrived.
At the point he got up and left the room. 此时他站起来，分开了房子。
H is at the point of death. 他要死了。
On points以得分凹凸鉴定输赢
例：He won on points not knock-out 以积分（点数）得胜而不是击倒
He was defeated on points.他败于积分。
in point of 就…而言；对于…：
例：In point of fact, I never lived at the address stated on the form.
现实上，我从未在表中所填的阿谁地点栖身过
to the point 贴题的，切中的；与正在会商的事务有关的
例：His answer was to the point. 他的回覆很中肯。
When it comes to the point到紧急关键
例：When it came to the point, he refused to help.
在紧急关键，他谢绝赐与赞助。
15) skill n. (C) 手艺；手艺；谙练；奇妙；(U) 谙练；纯熟；身手；本事
例：Learning a foreign language is a question of learning new skills, not a question of acquiring new knowledge.
进修外语是一个进修新手艺而不是获得新常识的题目。
She has rich writing skills. 她有丰硕的写作能力。
She showed great skill in winning the hearts of the students.
她在博得先生欢心方面展露出崇高高贵的手艺。
John shows great skill at driving/telling stories.
他显现出驾驶／讲故事的高度手艺。
He has no skill in teaching.他不教书的身手。
skilful(=skillful) adj. 谙练的, 工致的; 长于于(at; in)；奇妙的; 建造精美的
例：She's not very skil(l)ful with her chopsticks(at using chopsticks).
她用筷子不大谙练。
This is a skillful piece of work. 这是一件有手艺的任务。
He is a skilful mechanic.他是一名很有手艺的机器补缀工。
skilled adj. (=skillful)谙练的; 有手艺的; 须要手艺的
(be) skilled in (at) 做某事谙练
例：They are all skilled hands [workers]. 他们都是谙练工人。
He is skilled in business. 他做生意[生意]有经历。
She is skilled at dealing with complaints.他长于处置赞扬个案。
She was skilled enough in French to translate a novel.
她法语纯熟, 足以翻译小说。
16) gesture n. (C, U)手势；姿式；立场；举措；表现 v.作手势, 以手势表现
例：The man spoke by gesture. 这男人用手势抒发。
He gestured to his students to keep quiet.他表现先生们坚持宁静。
The invitation was meant as a friendly gesture .那约请是友爱的表现。
I gave her the flowers as a gesture of apology.
我送她这些花表现我的歉意。
He gestured angrily at me. 他愤恚地对我做手势。
He gestured to me that it was time to go.他表现咱们该走了。
2．说话要点
1) What’s your favourite sport?你最爱好的是哪项勾当？
sport表现“勾当，文娱，消遣，游戏”之意。
例：It’s great sport to swim in the sea.在海里泅水真好玩。
They often have outdoor sports. 他们经常做室外勾当。
sport和game
sport多指室内或室外勾当，有必然的法则，须要体能和手艺，或文娱性的或勾当性的，打球，跳高，泅水，垂钓，狩猎，跑马和拳术等。泛指勾当或勾当的总称时，经常使用作不可数名词。特指某项勾当时用作可数名词。
例：Swimming is his favourite sport. 泅水是他最爱好的勾当。
Skating is one of the winter sports. 溜冰是夏季勾当中的一个名目。
How many hours of sport do you do every day? 你们天天搞几个小时的勾当？（泛指）
sport用作双数时，可指勾当会， 等与sports meeting。
例：We have school sports meeting once a year. 咱们每一年进行一次校运会。
sport作定语时，多用双数，美语经常使用双数。
例：He has an expensive sport(s) car. 他有一辆高贵的跑车。
game首要指决议输赢的游戏或竞技比赛，常有必然的法则，凡到场者均须遵照，既能够是膂力的，也能够是脑力的。
例：Let’s go and watch the football game(英国match). 咱们去看足球比赛吧。
After a game on the sports field they often become good friends.
在勾当场长进行一场比赛后，他们经常变成好伴侣。
They often have a game of chess in the spare time. 空闲时，他们常下棋。
game作双数时，普通指大型的国际体育勾当会如the Olympic Games.
2) Which do you prefer, badminton or tennis?羽毛球和网球这两项勾当，你爱好哪一项？
I prefer water skiing to surfing. 我爱好滑水而不爱好冲浪。
prefer是及物动词，表此刻二者中“甘愿要或更爱好”的意思。prefer后跟：
① 名词或代词
例：The southerners prefer rice to flour. 南边人爱好吃米饭不爱好吃面食。
② 跟动名词（普通不能接动名词的复合布局）
例：She preferred riding a bicycle (to taking a taxi).他爱好骑自行车(而不爱好乘出租车)。
While he was in the office, he preferred doing something (to sitting).
在办公室的时辰，他爱好干事儿(不爱好闲坐着)。
③ 跟不定式
例：He prefers to stay at home during the weekend. 周末他甘愿待在家里。
④ 跟不定式的复合布局：prefer sb (to) do sth（不定式能够带to能够不带to）
例：I preferred him not to go to the park with us. 我不爱好他同咱们一路去公园。
She added, “I’d prefer you not call me Laura Baby.”
她又说，“我要你不要叫我洛拉贝贝。
⑤prefer...to...
在本句型中，to是介词，prefer和to前面的宾语能够是名词、代词，也能够是动名词。
例：Most people prefer trains to buses.大大都人宁肯坐火车也不坐大众汽车。
He prefers renting a car to having one of his own.她宁肯租一辆汽车，也不情愿自身具有一辆。
注重：本布局中的to能够用instead of取代。
例：They prefer using that laboratory instead of using this.他们比拟爱用阿谁尝试室而不必这个。
⑥ 跟不定式+rather than+不定式
本句型中，第一个不定式前要带to，而第二个不定式前以不加to较经常使用；rather than能够置于句首；rather than后也能够接名词，这类用法多用于表此刻某种详细场所的挑选。
例：She preferred to go to the movies rather than watch TV at home.
她甘愿去看片子也不愿呆在家里看电视。
Rather than go with us she preferred to stay at home.他甘愿在家呆着也不愿和咱们一路去。
----What shall we have, coffee or tea? 咱们和点甚么，咖啡仍是茶？
----I should prefer coffee rather than tea. 我宁肯和咖啡也不品茗。
（这句话表现：在如许的场所我甘愿饮咖啡。）
⑦ 跟班句（从句的谓语动词用真相或should+动词真相）
例：Would you prefer that he (should) go with you? 你要他和你们一路去吗？
He preferred that she go by bus. 他甘愿让她乘大众汽车去。
3) Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games.
天下各地的勾当员每四年到场一奥林匹克勾当会。
every能够与表现数目的词连用，表现时辰或空间的距离。every four years还能够说成every fourth year，中文的意思是每四年或每隔三年。
every + 基数词 + 双数名词= every + 序数词 + 双数可数名词
例：He usually goes to see his uncle every ten days/every tenth day.
他凡是每十天（每一个九天）去探望叔叔一次。
Every four meters there is a tree along the highway.
沿着马路每四米（每隔三米）就有一棵树。
Please take the medicine every five hours. 请每五小时服用一次药。
every和other加双数名词连用，意为“每隔一......”或“其余的......都......”。也能够写成every second + 双数名词(意为“每隔一...”)或every two + 双数名词。
例：The students have a football game every other week. 先生们每隔一周有一次足球赛。
Every other person here agrees with us. 这里统统其余的人都赞成我的观点。
Please write on every other line. 请隔行写。
every和few加上时辰和空间的双数名词，意思是“每隔几（些）......”。
例：He came round to see his mother every few weeks. 隔几周他就来看看他母亲。
Every few hundred metres along the Great Wall there is a watchtower.
沿长城每隔几百米，就有一个岗楼。
4) The old Olympic Games from which the modern games came began around the year 776 BC in Greece. 现代奥林匹克勾当会开创于公元前776年摆布，是在希腊召开的，现代奥运会源出于现代奥运会。
① the Olympic Games作主语时，谓语动词多用双数。
例：The twenty-fifth Olympic Games were held in Barcelona, Spain.
第二十五届奥运会是在西班牙的巴塞罗那进行的。
② ...from which the modern Olympic Games came...是由介词和干系代词which指导的定语从句。介词的挑选是按照从句中的搭配干系必定的，如斯句中便是由come from搭配干系而定的。再如：
Some of the games in which the young man competed were running, jumping and wrestling.
当时青年男人到场的比赛名目有竞走、跳远和摔交。
They were held in Greece----the country in which the games were born.
首届现代奥运会在奥运会的起源地希腊进行。
The date on which (=when) he joined the Party was July 1, 1998.
他入党的日期是一九九八年七月一日。
The house in which(=where) he lived is now a library. 他住过的那栋房子此刻是藏书楼了。
5) The Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896. 现代的首届奥运会是在1896年进行的。
time作“期间”解时，凡是用双数情势。
例：Times have changed, and we shouldn’t fall behind them.期间变了，咱们不应掉队于期间。
It is the fastest computer of modern times.这是今世速率最快的计较机。
In ancient times, people lived on wild fruits and wild beasts.
在现代，人们靠吃野果和野兽为生。
She didn’t understand the spirit of the times.她不懂得阿谁期间的精力。
偶然，time作“期间”解时，也能够用双数情势。比方in Shakespeare’s time(在莎士比亚期间), the feelings of the time(反应期间的情感)。
6) In the games, there were 311 competitors from just 13 countries. 在1896年的奥运会上只要来自13个国度的311名参赛者。
competitor是名词，意思是“比赛者”，其描述词是competitive(比赛的)，名词competition（比赛)，动词是compete，compete是不迭物动词，经常使用于compete against/with sb. in sth./for sth，比方：
Several companies are competing against/with each other for the contract.
几家公司正为争夺一项条约相互合作。
Ten sportsmen competed for the gold medal. 十名勾当员正这块金牌。
7) After that more and more countries joined in the games. 尔后，愈来愈多的国度到场了勾当会。
adj./adv.（比拟级）+and+adj./adv.（比拟级)，是一种“两重比拟”的布局，表现延续不时的变更，意即“愈来愈......”。比方：
It is getting colder and colder. 天愈来愈冷了。
My hometown is becoming more and more beautiful. 我的故乡变得愈来愈美了。
More and more farmers are coming to big cities. 愈来愈多的农人正涌入大都会。
3．语法申明：进修普通未来时的自动语态。
温习句子范例（主谓、主谓宾、主系表、There be等句型)。
普通未来时表现将要产生的举措或环境。普通未来时的自动语态的组成：
will/shall + be + -ed(曩昔分词)。另外另有be going to + be + -ed, be to + be + -ed 等。
例：You won’t be allowed to take so much luggage with you. 不会让你带那末多行李的。
Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony? 要约请咱们到场揭幕式吗？
What tools will be needed in the work? 任务中须要甚么东西？
The play is going to be produced on three evenings. 这部剧要三天排挤来。
A new hospital is to be built there. 在那要建一家病院。
句子范例：英语句子范例便是根基句型。普通来讲有五种根基句型，一成不变的句子都是由他们演化而来的。这五种根基句型是：
1）主语＋(不迭物动词)谓语。字母代号为SV(S=subject, V=verb)
在这类句型中，谓语动词前面又是能够不带任何成份，而大大都环境下随着状语性子的润色语。作不迭物动词谓语的状语，能够是名词、副词、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语、从句等。
例：主语＋不迭物动词＋名词
They worked day and night. 他们昼夜任务。
主语＋不迭物动词＋for指导的介词短语＋动词不定式
The mother waited for her son to come back. 母亲等儿子回家。
It ＋不迭物动词seem, happen, appear＋从句
It happened that they were out when we called on them that evening.
咱们那天早晨去探望他们时，他们可巧不在家。
2) 主语＋（及物动词）谓语＋宾语
这类句型中，谓语动词后都要有一个宾语；一些不迭物动词加介词组成的短语，性子上是及物的，相称于一个及物动词。能够作及物动词宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等。
例：主语＋及物动词＋数词
Who are going to take these three? 谁要拿走这三个？
主语＋及物动词＋不定式
He tried to stand on his head. 他试图倒立。
主语＋及物动词＋动名词
I remember seeing her somewhere before.我记得在哪见过他。
3) 主语＋系动词＋表语
系动词除be外，另有由实义动词转化而来的系动词look, feel, seem, get, keep, last, sound等。能够用作表语的有：名词、名词性物主代词、不定代词、人称代词、描述词、数词、副词、不定式（短语)、动名词（短语)、分词(短语)、介词短语、从句。
例：Smith was the boss of the company. 史姑娘是一家公司的老板。
Is this book yours? 这本书是你的吗？
It is a big mistake for her to have bought the clothes.她买了那衣服可犯了大毛病。
It is a pity that she is out. 很遗憾，她进来了。
4) 主语＋(及物动词)谓语＋间接宾语＋间接宾语（双宾语）
例：主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋间接宾语
He gave me some beautiful pictures. 她给了我一些标致的画片。
主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋to指导介词短语
He handed the purse to the teacher. 他把钱包交给了教员。
主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋for指导介词短语
Would you fetch some chalk for me? 你给我取一些粉笔号吗？
5) 主语＋（及物动词）谓语＋宾语＋宾补（复合宾语）
宾语和宾补之间存在着逻辑上的主谓干系。能够用作宾补的有：名词、描述词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、此刻分词、曩昔分词。
例：主语＋及物动词＋名词、代词＋描述词
We elected him monitor of our class. 咱们选他当班长。
主语＋及物动词＋it＋描述词、名词、动名词＋for/of sb＋不定式
I think it foolish of him to believe her. 我以为他信任她是笨拙的。
这些根基句型都是陈说句、必定句和自动句，象疑难句、否认句、自动句都是由这些根基句型演化来的，根基句型还能够扩展，有祈使句，感慨句，并列句，复合句，夸大句等。
6）there be句型
这是一种表现“存在”的句型。there是指导词，自身不意思，主语凡是在谓语动词be以后，谓语动词be须与主语坚持“数 ”的分歧。在组成疑难式时，把be提到there前。否认是在动词后加not。
例：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow. 今天有会。
There are a lot of books in our school library. 咱们黉舍藏书楼有良多书。
There isn’t a doctor in the village. 这个村庄不大夫。
Is there anybody here? 这有人吗？
这类布局中的谓语动词偶然不必动词be，而用seem to be，happen to be，appear to be等；还能够是live，come，go，stand，lie等动词。
例：There happened to be no one in the room. 可巧房子里不人。
There stands a tall building by the lake. 湖边耸立着一座高楼。
三、课文懂得
1. The most obvious difference between the old Olympic Games and the modern Olympics is that ________.
A. people get different prizes today because the sports they take part in are absolutely different.
B. women were not allowed to take part in the games before
C. people now pay more attention to the Olympics
D. many of the sports in the old Olympics were different from what they are now.
2. Which is not included in the text?
A. The Olympic motto.
B. The history of the old Olympic Games
C. The development of the modern Olympic Games.
D. The five Olympic rings stand for the five continents.
3. From the passage we know that ______.
A. the competition between countries to host the Olympics is getting hotter and hotter.
B. more and more countries are less eager to compete in the Olympics
C. the time to host the Olympics will be shorter than four years
D. The Olympic Games will not include diving, gymnastics and also weight-lifting
4. The first Olympic Games in modern times happened about ________years after the old
Olympic Games.
A. two thousand B. one thousand and eight hundred
C. one thousand and five hundred D. one thousand and six hundred
5. From the third paragraph we can infer that________.
A.the modern Olympic Games has quickly been developed since the first Olympic Games in modern times happened in 1896.
B. the modern Olympic Games have the same events as they did before.
C. no Olympic Games can be more important than the 27th Olympics held in Sydney, Australia.
D. hosting the 27th Olympic Games made Sydney a famous city.
四、语法常识练习(普通未来时的自动语态；句子范例)
Ⅰ. 将以下句子变成自动语态。
1. We will discuss the problem brought forward by Mr. Jefferson late this afternoon.
→_________________________________________________________________.
2. What will we do ?
→_________________________.
3. The guard will stop anyone who tries to enter the hall.
→______________________________________________________.
4. The Chairman will give the prize to the player who scores most points.
→______________________________________________________.
5. We ‘ll throw away those ones we don’t want.
→______________________________________________________.
6. We are going to put up a pigsty here.
→______________________________________________________.
7. They are to open the line to traffic next month.
→______________________________________________________.
8. You will have to finish the work at the end of this month.
→______________________________________________________.
9. He is going to paint the wall green.
→______________________________________________________.
10. They are delivering the new piano this afternoon.
→______________________________________________________.
Ⅱ. 用所给辞汇模仿上面例子造句。
例：He will be told about it when he turns up.
11. wake, whenever, up, he, the train, by, pass.
______________________________________________________.
12. clean, the windows, and, wash, floor, the.
______________________________________________________.
13. meet, you, by Mr Cheng, when, there, get, you.
______________________________________________________.
14. before, the seats, begin, the meeting, arrange, in five rows.
______________________________________________________.
15. it, the date, this afternoon, agree on, after, discuss, for the meeting.
______________________________________________________.
Ⅲ. 把以下句子译成英语。
16. 炎天他最爱好的勾当是泅水。
_____________________________________________________.
17. 保管书而不看是不必的。.
______________________________________________________.
18. 王刚跑着进到课堂，上气不接下气。
______________________________________________________.
19. 他对先生诠释说，那天他病了。
______________________________________________________.
20. 咱们会让你看看这是谁的号令。
______________________________________________________.
21. 我以为他抛却学英语真惋惜。
______________________________________________________.
22. 你听过用英语唱这首歌吗？
______________________________________________________.
Ⅳ. 句型转换。
23. He put on his raincoat, and left the house.(用分词)
→_____ ______ his raincoat, he left the house.
24. He is not rich enough. He cannot afford a refrigerator.(用不定式)
→ He is not rich enough _______ ________ a refrigerator.
25. He studies day and night. He purposes to pass the joint entrance examination for colleges.
→ He studies day and night ____ ____ ____ pass the joint entrance examination for colleges.
26. The children were cross and hungry. The children came in.
→ ______ and ______, the children came in.
27. His voice shook with emotion. He expressed his heartfelt thanks.
→ ______ ______ ______ ______ with emotion, he expressed his heartfelt thanks..
28. Mary did not go to the movies. She stayed at home.
→ _____ _____going to the movies, Mary stayed at home.
29. The noticed the dog. The dog was coming towards them.
→ They noticed the dog ______ ______ them.
30. How is fire to be made? This is the question first occurring to the mind of a savage.
→ _____ _____ _____ to be made _____ the question first occurring to the mind of savage.
五、综合练习
Ⅰ. 根本常识应用
A. 单项挑选
1. I have looked through today’s newspaper but there is ______ in it.
A. nothing specially interesting B. specially interesting nothing
C. nothing special`` interesting D. interesting special nothing
2. ______ the early bus, we used to get up very early.
A. To catch B. So that we could catch
C. So as to catch D. Catching
3. You may take anything useful ________.
A. which you want B. you want it C. what you want D. you want
4. Most of them want to win the medal _______young men compete.
A. in which B. which C. for which D. between which
5. The girl ______I introduced Mary is twenty minutes late.
A. to whom B. for who C. for whom D. to who
6. A goat is a _______animal.
A. grass-eaten B. eaten grass C. to eat grass D. grass-eating
7. It’s well-known that all the athletes will ______medals in the sports meet.
A. fight B. fight for C. fight with D. fight against
8. She prefers ______a term paper rather than take an examination.
A. writing B. to be writing C. to write D. write
9. ---Tom is from England and he doesn’t know Chinese. ----The same _______his sister.
A. as B. with C. to D. for
10. Do you know where the next Olympic Games ________?
A. is to be held B. are to take place C. are to hold D. are to be going to be held
B. 句型转换
11. I like playing basketball better than watching TV.
→ I _______ playing basketball _______ watching TV.
12. Do you do well in your English study?
→ ______ you ______ ______ English?
13. Which sport do you like best?
→ What is ______ ______ sport?
14. We will be preparing to make the 2008 Olympics the best ever games.
→ We will be ______ ______ ______ making the Olympics the best ever games.
15. What is the point of discussing this issue further?
→ Is it ______ ______ ______ this issue further?
C. 用所给词或短语把以下句子译成英语。
16. 字母CCTV代表中国中心电视台。(stand for)
___________________________________________________________________.
17.此次学术集会的东道主由咱们黉舍充任。(host) (academic conference学术集会)
___________________________________________________________________.
18. 今天别来。我但愿你下周末来。(would rather)
___________________________________________________________________.
19. 统统人都筹办好防“非典”。(be prepared against)
___________________________________________________________________.
20. 我但愿大师积极到场此次勾当会。(take part in, join in)
___________________________________________________________________.
Ⅱ. 完形填空 用恰当的词将以下漫笔补充完全，每空一词。
I was very fond of hunting when I was a young man. In the autumn of 1935, I was traveling in the northwest of India. One evening, after __21__in the forest all day, I was returning alone to the place _22__ I had put up my tent. I was tired and hungry. It was getting darker and darker, and I was walking slowly along a narrow path. On my _23__was a wide river; on my left, a thick dark__24__. All of a sudden, I saw two green __25__ looking at me from among the trees. I knew it must be a man-eating tiger. The tiger was getting ready to jump on me.
My heart sank. What could I do? _26__I jump into the river and hope to save my life by swimming? I looked to the right. In the _27__there was a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth wide open. I was so __28__that I shut my eyes. And I thought it would be the end of my life. I heard branches moving as the tiger roared and jumped. Just then I _29__ my eyes. What do you think had happened? The tiger had __30__right over me and now in the jaws of the crocodile.
Ⅲ. 浏览懂得
A
Weifang, a kite city, is an old handicraft town located in the middle part of Shandong peninsula in east China. It is the birthplace of Chinese kite with a history of kite flying and manufacturing(.制作) for about 500 years. Weifang kite is famous for its delicately(精美地) selected materials (split bamboo and silk), careful and neat painting, bright colors, exquisite(精美的) framing and mounting(衬) and smooth gliding(流利的). "Hang up on the wall it's a painting, fly up in the sky it's a kite." Hand-made and hand-painted, the main kinds of Weifang kite are bird and animal kite. The masterpiece is dragon kite, as the dragon is the symbol of the Chinese nation.
Since 1984, the Weifang International Kite Festival has been held annually in this city in April. Traditional Chinese kites from Weifang has become world famous and a must kind for kite-collection, kite festivals and kite exhibitions.
As a leading kite manufacturing and distributing company located in Weifang, China, we manufacture huge selections of kites and accessories(附件) such as traditional Chinese kites, sports kites, handles and other kite accessories. Our traditional Chinese kites like butterflys, dragon, eagles, etc., are really value-added art with top quality and competitive price. Our sport kites(stunt kite) framed in fiberglass are also very popular among kitefliers.
按照漫笔内容判定正误（True or False）
( )31. Weifang is a city in Shandong province, whose kites are the best in the world.
( )32. Weifang is well-known for its dragon kite as the dragon is the symbol of the Chinese nation.
( )33. “Hang up on the wall it’s a painting, fly up in the sky it’s a kite.” Shows that the kites made in Weifang are all painted by famous artists.
( )34. The Weifang International Kite Festival has been held every two years in April.
( )35. The kite manufacturing and distributing company was the only company in weifang.
B
In Europe, men do not usually wear skirts. But the Scottish national clothing for men is a kind of skirt. It is called a kilt. The Scottish like to be different. They are also proud of their country and its history, and they feel that the kilt is part of that history. That’s why the men still wear kilts at traditional (传统的) dances and on national holidays. They believe they are wearing the same clothes that Scottish men always used to wear.
That’s what they believe. However, kilts are not really so old. Before 1703, Scottish men wore a long shirt and blanket around their shoulders. These clothes got in the way when the men started to work in factories. So, in 1730 a factory owner changed the blanket into a skirt: the kilt. That’s how the first kilt was made.
Then, in the late 1700s Scottish soldiers in the British Army began to wear kilts. One reason for this was national sentiment(=feelings): The Scottish soldiers wanted to be different from the English soldiers. The British Army probably had a different reason: A Scottish soldier in a kilt was always easy to find! The Scottish soldiers fought very hard and became famous. The kilt was part of the fame, and in the early 1800s men all around Scotland began to wear kilts.
These kilts had colorful stripes (条纹) going up and down and across. In the 1700s and early 1800s, the color of the stripes had no special meaning. Men sometimes owned kilts in several different colors. But later the colors became important to the Scottish families. By about 1850, most families had special colors for their kilts. For example, men from the Campbell family had kilts with green, yellow and blue stripes. Scottish people often believe that the colors of the kilts are part of their family history. In fact, each family just chose the color they liked best.
This is not the story you will hear today if you are in Scotland. Most Scottish people still believe that kilts are as old as Scotland and that the color are as old as the Scottish families. Sometimes feelings are stronger than facts!
按照漫笔内容回覆以下题目。
36. What is the main idea of the passage?
37. How was the first kilt made?
38. Why did men all around Scotland begin to wear kilts?
39. Why do the colours the kilts have become important to the Scottish families?
40. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
C
Shefielde
Lincoln College of English
Classes for foreign students at all levels.
3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.
Open all year.
Small class (maximum 12 students).
Library, language laboratory and listening center.
Accommodation (留宿) with selected families.
25 minutes from London.
Course fees for English for one year are ￡1,380 with reduction (削减)for shorter periods of study.
41. This passage is probably taken from ________.
A. an advertisement B. a notice
C. a poster D. a piece of news
42. The college is trying to _________.
A. take on English teachers B. introduce itself to the public
C. take in the students who want to get accommodation there
D. take in the students who want to study English there
43. Who are admitted in?
A. Both foreign and native students
B. Only foreign beginners and the advanced
C. Foreign students from beginners to the advanced
D. Only foreign students advanced
44. If you want to study there, you will be accepted ________.
A. in Spring B. in Autumn
C. at the beginning of the year D. whenever you wish to
45. While you stay there, who will take care of you?
A. The school where you study B. The family you have chosen
C. Your classmates D. Your parents
D
Holidays in the United States usually occur(呈现) at least once a month. Most months have a national holiday that has been arranged(支配) to be celebrated on a Monday. The holidays have all been decided to be celebrated on a Monday so that the workers may have 3-day weekends---that is, Saturday, Sunday and Monday in order to rest or travel or do things with their families. Major holidays in the United States such as New Year’s Day or Christmas Day or the day, when we remember the first settlers of the United States, called Thanksgiving Day are celebrated all over the country. During these holidays most businesses close and the workers stay home and celebrate with their family.
Vacation can be from two weeks a year to four weeks a year. This usually depends on how long you’ve been working for a company, what type of position you have, whether you have a very high position or a very important position and it’s difficult to find someone to replace you. In this case, you might take a few days at a time rather than taking one month all at once. Usually the more time you spend working for a company, the more time you may get for a vacation.
46. The government of the United States makes it a rule for workers to have a _______weekend almost once a month.
A. 1-day B. 2-day C. 3-day D. 4-day
47. Workers in the United States sometimes work from_________.
A. Monday to Saturday B. Tuesday to Sunday
C. Thursday to Friday D. Tuesday to Friday
48. Which statement is not true according to this passage?
A. Only a few shops remain open on New Years Day.
B. Most of the workers needn’t work on Christmas Day.
C. Days on vacation must be more than all the holidays in a year.
D. All the workers have a half month vacation at least.
49. The reason why someone has to divide his vacation into several parts is that________.
A. no one can be found to take his place
B. he hasn’t a most high position
C. he plays an important role in his work
D. he hasn’t been working for his company for a long time
50. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. Holidays in the United States.
B. Vacation in the United States.
C. How do the workers spend their holidays.
D. Something about the holidays and vacation in the United States.
Ⅳ. 单句改错
51. Do you have any farther questions? __________
52. Do you know the boy at whom she was talking about a moment ago? __________
53. The Olympic Games are popular with people all over the world __________
and it will be held in Bejing.
54. She likes volleyball better than any sport. __________
55. The gold medal in which the competitors competed was stolen. __________
56. 1997 was the year from which Hong Kong returned to its motherland. __________
57. Every second years teams from all over the world take part in the World Cup. __________
58. Sun Xiaojun prefers wrestling than horse riding. __________
59. The teacher prepared for the students for the exams. __________
60. He is tall by height and light in weight. __________
Ⅴ. 书面抒发
按照以下所给内容用英语写一篇你的教员的简历。字数请求80摆布。
1．姓名：吴静
2．诞生：1970. 6. 8
3．籍贯：吉林省长春市
4．到场任务时辰：1994，9
5．任讲授科：英语
6：任务事迹：
任务当真，讲课活泼风趣，易懂难忘；对先生既严酷又亲热；不时改良讲授方式，讲授品质高，屡次被评为先进教员，遭到师生和社会的尊敬。
Unit 8 参考谜底：
三、课文懂得
1－5. BDACA
四、语法常识练习
I.1. The problem brought forward by Mr Jefferson will be discussed late this afternoon.
2. What will be done?
3. Anyone who tries to enter the hall will be stopped by the guard.
4.The prize will be given (by the chairman) to the player who scores most./ The player who scores most will be given the prize (by the chairman)
5.Those ones we don’t want will be thrown away.
6.A pigsty is going to be put up here.
7.The line is to be opened to traffic next month.
8.The work will have to be finished at the end of this month.
9.The wall is going to be painted green.
10.The new piano is being delivered this afternoon.
II.
11. He will be woken up whenever the train passes by.
12. The windows will be cleaned and the floor (will be)washed.
13. You will be met by Mr. Cheng when you get there
14. The seats will be arranged in five rows before the meeting begins.
15. The date for the meeting will be agreed on after we discuss it this afternoon.
III.
16. Her favourite sport in summer is swimming.
17. It is no use/useless keeping books without reading them.
18. Wang Gang came running into the classroom, quite out of breath.
19. He explained to his students that he was ill that day.
20. We’ll show you whose order it is.
21. I consider it a pity that he has given up studying English.
22. Have you ever heard this song sung in English?
IV.
23. Putting on 24. to afford 25. in order to 26. Cross and hungry 27.With his voice shaking 28. Instead of 29. coming towards 30. How fire is, is
五、综合练习
I. 根本常识应用
A: 1－5 AADCA 6－10 DBCBB
B. 11. prefer, to 12. Are, good at 13.your favourite 14. in preparation for
15. any use discussing
C: 16. The letters CCTV stand for China Central Television.
17. Tahe academic conference was hosted by our university.
18. Don’t come tomorrow. I’d rather you came next week.
19. All the citizens/people have been prepared against the disaster.
20. I wish every one of us to take an active part in/to join actively in the sports meeting.
( I hope that every one of us will take…)
II. 完形填空
21. hunting 22. where 23. right 24. forest 25. eyes
26. Should 27. river 28. frightened 29. opened 30. jumped
III. 浏览懂得
A: 31.T 32. F 33. F 34. F 35. F
B. 36. Scottish kilts.
37. The first kilt was made by a factory owner from the blanket the workers wore.
38. Because the Scottish soldiers became famous for their brave fighting and the kilt was partly a symbol of the fame.
39. Because most families have special colours for their kilts and they believe that the colours are as old as their families.
40. We can infer that the Scottish prefer to keep their tradition rather than believe the facts.
C. 41－45 ADCDB
A. 46－50 CDDAD
IV. 单句改错：
51. farther改成further 52. 去掉at 53. it改成they 54. any后加other
55. in改成for 56. from改成in 57. second改成two或years改成year
58. than改成to 59. 去掉for 60. by改成in
V. 书面抒发
Wu Jing’s Profile
Born: June 8, 1970 in Changchun, Jilin Province
began to work: September of 1994
profession: English teacher
Ms. Wu is always strict in her work. She has a strange way of making her classes lively and interesting and the lessons she teaches are easy to understand and unforgettable. She is not only strict with her students but also kind to them.
She keeps trying new ways to improve her teaching methods, and the teaching quality rises year by year. So she has been given the title of advanced teacher for many times. She is greatly loved and respected by the people both in school and in society.